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:toc:
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[[chp:opalcycl]]
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:stem: latexmath
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:sectnums:
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[[chp:beam]]
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Beam Command
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------------
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All _OPAL_ commands working on a beam require the setting of various
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quantities related to this beam. These are entered by a `BEAM` command:
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....
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label:BEAM, PARTICLE=name, MASS=real, CHARGE=real,
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ENERGY=real, PC=real, GAMMA=real, BCURRENT=real,
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NPART=real, BUNCHED=logical, BFREQ=real;
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....
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The `label` is optional, it defaults to `UNNAMED_BEAM`. . The particle
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mass and charge are defined by:
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PARTICLE::
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The name of particles in the machine.
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_OPAL_ knows the mass and the charge for the following particles:
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POSITRON::
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The particles are positrons (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_e], `CHARGE`=1),
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ELECTRON::
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The particles are electrons (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_e], `CHARGE`=-1),
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PROTON::
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The particles are protons (default, `MASS`=latexmath:[m_p],
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`CHARGE`=1),
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ANTIPROTON::
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The particles are anti-protons (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_p],
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`CHARGE`=-1).
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HMINUS::
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The particles are h- protons (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_{h^{-}}],
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`CHARGE`=-1).
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CARBON::
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The particles are carbons (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_c], `CHARGE`=12).
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URANIUM::
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The particles are of type uranium (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_u],
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`CHARGE`=35).
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MUON::
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The particles are of type muon (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_\mu],
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`CHARGE`=-1).
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DEUTERON::
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The particles are of type deuteron (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_d],
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`CHARGE`=1).
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XENON::
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The particles are of type xenon (`MASS`=latexmath:[m_{xe}],
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`CHARGE`=20).
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For other particle names one may enter:
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MASS::
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The particle mass in GeV.
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CHARGE::
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The particle charge expressed in elementary charges.
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The other attributes are:
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BFREQ::
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The bunch frequency in MHz.
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BCURRENT::
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The bunch current in A.
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latexmath:[\mathrm{BCURRENT} = Q \times \mathrm{BFREQ}]
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with latexmath:[Q] the total charge.
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NPART::
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The number of macro particles for the simulations |